Improvement in press for casting metal



A diritti Stairs @will Gilliwf'f vLetters Patent No. 94,253, dated August 31, 1869,cntedatedug'ust 25, 1869.

IMROV'EMENT IN PRESS FOR CASTING METAL.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters atent and making p art `of the same.

To all whom it may concern Beit known that I, J CHN BLAKE TARE, of Fairhaven, in the Acounty of Bristol, and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new zuid improved Machine for Producing Compressed Metal Castings; and l do hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and

` exact description thereof, reference being had to the in tig. 2, representing the follower and its 4guide-rods and screw inclined so as to expose the topof the mould,

' for allowing metal to be poured into it.

Figure 4 is a bottom view of the head of the machine, as seen by a section taken through fig. 1, in the horizontal plane. indicated by red line 1/ Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures. v

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement on machinery which is adapted for producing compressed metal castings, in which a follower or press ing-head is employed, and so arranged over the mouldin which the castings are produced, that when said mould is supplied with melted metal, this metal can be subjected t-o considerable pressure, and thereby condensed, so as tore-nder it more solid than it otherwise would be.

The advantages attending metal thus 'compressed and condensed, are fully set forth in the schedule annexed to my Letters Patent, numbered, respectively, 57 ,644, 67,000, 79,611, and 83,222.

The object of this invention is to so arrange'and support the follower or pressing-head over a mould, that this follower or head can be moved to one ,side of the mould, so as to expose the upper end of the latter for conveniently pouring the melted metal into it, at the same time to provide means which will allow the follower or head to be quickly returned to a proper position over the mould, for applying pressure for condensing the melted metal before it beginsto set orbecome hard, as will be hereinafter' explained.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand my invention, I willdescribe its construction and operation.

In the operation of producin g compressed metal castings by subjecting the metal, while in a fluid-state in the moulds, to considerable pressure, 1 have found, by

experiment, that the best results are obtained if the pressure is applied to the metal in lthe moulds before it becomes so hard or set that the gases are entrapped and their expulsion rendered imperfect. To effect this object, and at the saine time to provide for exposing the upper end of a mould'to .allow metal to be poured into it conveniently, the follower or pressing-head A is applied to a hinged nut, H, which will allow the follower to be swung or tilted, as shown in iig. 3, and quickly brought back to the vertical position shown in.1igs. 1 and 2,A thereby rendering it unneccssary to raise the follower. higher than will allow it ifsio clear the top ofthe mouldwhen tilted, as shown in In the accompanying drawings- (l represents the bed of the press-frame; and D D are stron g upright pillars, which sustain the headplate G', and by means of which this plate is restrained from rising against considerable upright pressure.

E-represents a rectangular mould, which isadapted for making ingots, and which is constructed of two vertical halves or sections, with awide base, a, which sections are lined inside with any suitable refractory substance, indicated in the drawings by letter b. The sections of this mould 1l are clamped together by means of bands c c and wedges d d, and the mouldv is cent-red and confined in its proper place beneath its pressing devices by means of adjustable stops e e e and turning-hooks ff. These stops-and hooks are made adjustable for accommodating them to moulds of different sizes.

The bottom and vertical sides of the mouldy arev closed, and the top is left open to receive the end of the follower A, asy shown clearly in the drawings.

The follower A is constructed with flanges g. gextending out laterally from its upper end, by which screws h. h can be used for confining yit to a horizontal headpiece F. This will allow of theready removal of one follower, and the substitution of another of a different size or shape, adapted to the ,ingot which it sdesired to produce. The follower A should be slightly smaller, horizontally, than the receptacle in the mould, for the purpose of allowing a free escape off-gases during compression.

The head-piece F is applied, by a ,swivel-connection, to the lower end of a screw, G, which is tapped through a nut, H, and which carries on its upper end leverarms I I, that can he removed atI pleasure, and longer or shorter ones applied in their stead.

This head F has also appliedto it two rods J J,

which pass freely through the nut H, on opposite sides i of screw G, and serve as guidesfor the head F and screw G, and prevent this head from turning around with the screw, in the act of raising or depressing the follower.

The nut H is pivotcd by. trunnions 'i i. to boxes jj,

which are secured firmly t0. the bottom of the head C' of the press-frame; and this nut is so arranged that when it is heldin a horizontal position, shown in figs'. 1, 2, and 4, by means of a sliding-catch. k, the axis of the screw G will coincide with the vertical centre of the mould E and follower A.

The catch k has a hand-lever, m, pivoted to it, by which it can be readily moved for fastening or releasing the nut, and this lever is connected by a vibrating link, an', to the bottomV of the head C of the pressframe, as shown in fig. 4.

When mould E is adjusted in proper position upon the bed C of' the press-frame, and confined in place,

. and everything is ready'for pouring melted metal into the mould, the operator, with his hand upon the lever m, withdraws catch It, and releases one edge of the nut H, thus allowing the' latter, with its follower A, screw G, and guide-rods J J, to assume the inclined position shown in iig. Il. Suicient space will thereby be left, above the mould E, for conveniently pouring -metal into it.

When the mould is filled, the operator instantly draws back the follower and its attachments, locks the nut in place, as shown .in figs. 1, 2, and 4, and causes I v the follower to descend by turning the screw G.

By thus providing for inclining the fbllowerand its attachments from a vertical position over the mould, when it is desired to till the mould, it will be seen that it will only be necessary'to raise the follower a short dist-ance to allow it to swing clear ofthe mould, whereas without such provision it would be necessary to raise the follower so high, to obtain the required space for pouring, that after the" metal was poured 'into the mould it would become cool and set before the follower could be brought down again by the slow screw G, and made to press upon it.

It will be seen, by reference to fig. 3, that when the follower is .inclined from a vertical position, that the screw G rests against one side ofthe opening through head C', through which this screw and its guide-rods pass.

In order to prevent a ready destruction of the inould, and to admit of a mould bein'g used for a number of In the section of a protecting coating for the mould and follower, it is important to employ a compound which will adhere firmly to the surfaces to which it is applied, and which will not expand or contract very much; also to employ a substance which will not melt and form a slag, when subjected tothe intense heat of the melted metal.

The followingr method of preparing the mould is found to be best adapted to the end in fview:

A core is introduced into the mould, of such size as will leave a space of about one-half or three-quarters of an inch between it and the inner wall of the mould, into which space sharp in ouldin g-sand is r( mmed Very hard. This sand is prepared by mixing with it rye-meal and molasses, rsay about fifteen parts of sand to one part of a mixture of rye-meal and molasses.

The mould is then put into an oven, and baked for about twelve hours, after which it is taken out and-its lining coated, while hot, with a solution composed of v about one part of 'plumbago to three parts of fire-clay, made thin by adding beer to thenn After coating the mould repeatedly, and drying each coating, the sur faces' are smoothed.'

The last coating given to' the mould should be very thick, so that it will partially fill up the pores in the sand, and leave hard andsmoothed surfaces.

Having described my invention,

What 1 claim as new, and desire to secure hy Letters Patent, is:

l. The follower A, attached'. to a screw, G, which works through a pivoted nut, H, iu combination with a mould, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination in a press of a follower A, and

its screw G, and guide-rods J J, with a laterally adjustable nut H, substantially as described.

JOHN BLAKE TARE.

` Witnesses:

JOHN S.`HoLL1NGsHEAD, Trios. H. BAYLIES. i 

